How AI Will Change PR and Communications in 2027, and How Agencies Can Prepare: A TNS Study
Published . Updated . Sources checked 12 November 2026.- Argentina
- Brazil
- Chile
- Colombia
- Ecuador
- Mexico
- Panama
- Peru
00 Opening
AI sits on both sides of the pitch: 76% of PR professionals and 82% of journalists use it
76% of PR professionals use generative AI and 82% of journalists use at least one AI tool. And 57% of people in nine countries saw or engaged with AI answers in search in the past week. Sources: two Muck Rack surveys (a PR software vendor); Reuters Institute, October 2026.
How to read this study
Surveys with different samples cannot be compared or added up. No study we found measures whether AI improves PR results. Outside Brazil and Buenos Aires we found no recent survey of Latin American PR professionals on AI.
The study in eight findings
Journalists use AI themselves, but most oppose AI-written pitches.
1. Journalists use AI themselves (82%), but 53% oppose AI-generated pitches. Muck Rack (AI use) and Cision (pitches), both vendors, 897 and 1,899 journalists, early 2026.
People click less when AI summaries appear.
2. When Google shows an AI summary, users click a result in 8% of visits, against 15% without one. Pew Research Center, 900 US adults, March 2025.
AI answers almost never cite paid content.
3. AI answers almost never cite paid content (0.3%), and journalism's share fell to 22% in September 2026. Muck Rack, a vendor, October 2026; other studies find very different shares, by industry and method.
Big brands have largely stopped paying agencies by the hour.
4. Labour-based agency pay fell from 54% of multinationals in 2011 to 19% today. WFA, 69 multinationals, 29 September 2026; not PR only.
People want AI content disclosed, but disclosure can cost trust.
5. 86% want AI content disclosed; 32% would trust a brand less if its content is AI-generated. Meltwater with YouGov, a vendor survey, 21 April 2026.
Few companies are ready for a deepfake crisis.
6. Only 18% of senior corporate affairs practitioners say their function is prepared for a deepfake incident. GlobeScan, 13 May 2026, nearly 300 practitioners.
Brazil's online sample uses AI chatbots for news more than the world average.
7. 13% of Brazil's online sample uses AI chatbots for news weekly, against 10% globally. Reuters Institute, Digital News Report 2026.
Brazil's election labels were often missing.
8. In Brazil's 2026 election, only 371 of 920 political-electoral posts confirmed as AI carried a label. As reported by Agência Brasil.
01 Both sides of the pitch
76% of PR professionals use generative AI and 82% of journalists use at least one AI tool (two surveys, one vendor).
76% of PR professionals use AI; the survey says use has levelled off
Muck Rack, which sells PR software, says generative AI use in PR "has peaked at 76%" (564 PR professionals, 5 to 24 December 2025). It warns that changed question wording makes year on year comparisons weak.
93% say AI makes them faster. The gains are self-reported
93% of the survey's AI users say AI makes them faster, and 82% say it improves quality; 98% always or often edit AI text.
Every one of these figures is self-reported. We found no study that compares PR results with and without AI.
Only 51% have an employer AI policy, and 43% get training
Only 51% of PR professionals have an employer AI policy and 43% get training, both up from 21% in 2024 (the same December survey). And while 77% of the survey's AI users avoid entering financial data, only 36% avoid entering client names.
82% of journalists use AI; in another survey, 53% oppose AI-generated pitches
82% of journalists use at least one AI tool, up from 77% a year earlier (the same firm's State of Journalism 2026: 897 responses analysed, 30 January to 2 March 2026, 81% in North America). Cision's release on its 2026 State of the Media (1,899 journalists in 19 markets across North America, EMEA and APAC, January and February 2026) says "53% oppose AI-generated pitches due to concerns around accuracy and personalization." Both firms sell PR software.
Opposition is not universal. Cision's own article on the survey puts those in favour at 21%, and its chief executive later wrote in Press Gazette that 25% were neutral.
Two surveys of journalists, labelled separately
Different firms, samples and questions: the two figures do not describe one group of journalists.
of journalists use at least one AI tool
Muck Rack, State of Journalism 2026: 897 responses analysed, 30 January to 2 March 2026, 81% in North America.
oppose AI-generated pitches
Cision, 2026 State of the Media: 1,899 journalists in 19 markets across North America, EMEA and APAC, January and February 2026.
Sources: Muck Rack; Cision. Both firms sell PR software.
See the numbers
| Survey | Measure | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Muck Rack, 897 journalists | Use at least one AI tool | 82% |
| Cision, 1,899 journalists | Oppose AI-generated pitches | 53% |
In the mostly North American State of Journalism survey, journalists delete pitches that miss their beat (88%), are overly promotional (71%) or arrive as mass email (50%).
02 AI answers and the shrinking click
Google users click a result in 8% of visits with an AI summary, 15% without
When Google showed an AI summary, the 900 US adults whose browsing Pew Research Center tracked in March 2025 clicked a traditional search result in 8% of visits, against 15% when it did not, and clicked a link inside the summary in only 1% of visits.
What Google users did, with and without an AI summary
Share of visits, from tracked browsing. Bars start at zero.
Clicked a traditional search result
Clicked a link inside the AI summary
Source: Pew Research Center, 22 July 2025; browsing of 900 US adults, March 2025.
See the numbers
| Measure | Case | Share of visits |
|---|---|---|
| Clicked a traditional search result | AI summary shown | 8% |
| Clicked a traditional search result | No AI summary | 15% |
| Clicked a link inside the AI summary | AI summary shown | 1% |
Publishers lost 33% of their Google search traffic in a year
Google search traffic to publishers fell 33% worldwide and 38% in the US from November 2024 to November 2025, across 2,576 sites (Chartbeat data in the Reuters Institute's Trends and Predictions 2026). Chartbeat sells analytics to publishers. In August 2025, Google said total clicks from search to websites were "relatively stable" year on year, but it published no data to show it. Google search alone still sends about 500 times as many referrals to publishers as ChatGPT (Chartbeat).
Google search referrals to publishers fell in a year
November 2024 to November 2025, 2,576 sites. Each full bar is that region's November 2024 level.
Source: Chartbeat data in the Reuters Institute's Trends and Predictions 2026. Chartbeat sells analytics to publishers.
See the numbers
| Measure | Period or note | Figure |
|---|---|---|
| Google search traffic to publishers, worldwide | November 2024 to November 2025 | fell 33% |
| Google search traffic to publishers, US | November 2024 to November 2025 | fell 38% |
Referrals to publishers: Google search vs ChatGPT
Google search: about 2,500 squares
ChatGPT: 5 squares
Each square stands for one fifth of the referrals ChatGPT sends.
Source: Chartbeat data in the Reuters Institute's Trends and Predictions 2026. Chartbeat sells analytics to publishers.
See the numbers
| Measure | Period or note | Figure |
|---|---|---|
| Referrals to publishers, Google search against ChatGPT | Google sends about 500 times as many | about 500 to 1 |
AI answers almost never cite paid content: 0.3% of links
In Muck Rack's October 2026 study of 207 million citations, nearly 99% of cited links come from non-paid sources, and paid or advertorial content is 0.3%.
Journalism alone fell to 22% of citations in September 2026, from 27% in May. Press releases were 1.1% of citations in the study's May edition. The firm is a vendor; its September test covered ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini and Perplexity.
Other studies find very different shares, by industry and method
- An arXiv preprint by Pratyush Kumar found about 78% of citations went to corporate websites (more than 100,000 responses, March to May 2026; we read only its abstract).
- The DeltaV Digital 2026 AI search citations study found the share of top 30 domain citations going to a brand's own website ranged from 0.0% (B2B technology services) to 74.7% (higher education) across eight client brands.
In a lab test, quotations and statistics raised visibility in AI answers; keyword stuffing did not
Researchers from Princeton and other institutions tested 1,000 queries from a benchmark of 10,000. Adding quotations, statistics or source citations to a page raised its visibility in AI answers by a relative 30% to 40% on one measure and 15% to 30% on another; keyword stuffing did not help. It is a lab test on the AI engines of 2023 and 2024, not live brand data (GEO: Generative Engine Optimization, KDD 2024).
03 The agency model under pressure
Labour-based agency pay fell from 54% of multinationals in 2011 to 19% today
Among 69 multinationals with USD 147 billion of marketing spend, labour-based agency pay fell from 54% in 2011 and 33% in 2022 to 19% today, while fixed fee or output models rose from 20% to 33%. The survey covers advertising and marketing agencies, not PR only, and 71% of respondents work in procurement.
How 69 multinationals pay their agencies
Share of multinationals using each model. Same scale in both panels; columns start at zero. No start year is given for the fixed fee or output figure.
Labour-based pay
Fixed fee or output models
Source: WFA with Agency Mania Solutions, 29 September 2026; 69 multinationals; advertising and marketing agencies, not PR only.
See the numbers
| Payment model | When | Share of multinationals |
|---|---|---|
| Labour-based pay | 2011 | 54% |
| Labour-based pay | 2022 | 33% |
| Labour-based pay | Today | 19% |
| Fixed fee or output models | Earlier | 20% |
| Fixed fee or output models | Today | 33% |
Omnicom cut jobs, but its CFO says AI is "not necessarily the primary driver"
Omnicom announced about 4,000 job cuts after buying IPG (Axios, 2 December 2025). On its results call of 18 February 2026, its chief financial officer said: "AI is not necessarily the primary driver of how we looked at this." On the same call, its chief executive said AI-enabled automation will let it eliminate some positions that are now done by hand.
Only 3% of agencies report significant staff cuts due to AI
77% of PR professionals fear the next generation will not learn the basics (Muck Rack). But only 3% of agencies report significant staff reductions due to AI (Productive.io, which sells agency software; 174 agencies and consultancies that use Productive, March 2026, 54% in Europe, not PR specific).
04 Trust, deepfakes and the rules
86% of consumers want AI content disclosed, yet 32% would trust a brand less if its content is AI-generated (Meltwater, a vendor).
86% want AI content disclosed, but 32% would trust a brand less if its content is AI-made
86% of consumers say AI-generated content should be disclosed, yet 32% say they would trust a brand less if its content is AI-generated, and 15% would trust it more. That is the disclosure paradox: people want to be told, and being told can cost trust.
The survey, by Meltwater, which sells media monitoring tools, with YouGov, covered nearly 10,000 consumers in seven markets (21 April 2026); a news report on the study lists none in Latin America.
The disclosure paradox
Three answers from one survey of consumers. Each bar runs from 0% to 100%.
say AI-generated content should be disclosed
would trust a brand less if its content is AI-generated
would trust it more
Source: Meltwater with YouGov, 21 April 2026; nearly 10,000 consumers in seven markets. Meltwater sells media monitoring tools.
See the numbers
| Consumers who | Survey | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Say AI-generated content should be disclosed | Meltwater with YouGov | 86% |
| Would trust a brand less if its content is AI-generated | Meltwater with YouGov | 32% |
| Would trust it more | Meltwater with YouGov | 15% |
Only 18% of corporate affairs functions say they are ready for a deepfake
In GlobeScan's survey of nearly 300 senior corporate affairs practitioners, 18% say their function is prepared for a deepfake or AI misinformation incident. Respondents in Latin America feel the most prepared, which GlobeScan says may reflect "an optimistic underestimation of the threat ahead."
EU disclosure rules have applied since 2 August 2026
The EU AI Act's transparency duties in Article 50 apply from 2 August 2026. Deepfakes must be disclosed, and so must AI-generated text published to inform the public on matters of public interest, unless a human has reviewed it and someone holds editorial responsibility for it.
This is our reading, not legal advice.
05 Latin America
AI chatbot news use is higher in Brazil's online sample: 13% weekly, against 10% globally.
13% of Brazil's online sample uses AI chatbots for news weekly, against 10% globally
In Brazil's online sample, 13% use AI chatbots for news each week, above the 10% global average, and 19% of under-25s do; Peru is at 11%, Argentina and Colombia at 9% (Reuters Institute, Digital News Report 2026, online samples of about 2,000 per market).
In Buenos Aires, 91% of communicators use AI, but 64% got no training
In the Buenos Aires area, 91% of 318 communicators use AI at work, but 64% got no training from their employer (UADE, fieldwork November 2025, non-probability sample).
Brazil's election: only 371 of 920 political-electoral posts confirmed as AI carried a label
Under Brazil's electoral court rules for the 2026 election (TSE Resolution 23.755, 2 March 2026), AI-made electoral advertising had to carry a label that is "explícito, destacado e acessível" (explicit, prominent and accessible).
From 16 August to 28 September 2026, Lupa's VigIA monitor, with Unicamp's Recod.ai lab, confirmed AI in 920 political-electoral posts, including at least 554 deepfakes; only 371 of the 920 carried a label (as reported by Agência Brasil, 2 October 2026; we did not find Lupa's own report).
Only Peru, among TNS markets, has a general AI law in force
Map of the eight TNS markets: general AI law status
Argentina
- General AI law
- None at national level
- Where it stands on 10 November 2026
- Non-binding guidance from 2023
Brazil
- General AI law
- Bill PL 2338/2023
- Where it stands on 10 November 2026
- Passed the Senate on 10 December 2024; awaiting the rapporteur's report in the Chamber
Chile
- General AI law
- Bill
- Where it stands on 10 November 2026
- A Senate committee approved it in general on 26 October 2026, as reported by Mala Espina Check
Colombia
- General AI law
- Bills
- Where it stands on 10 November 2026
- Government bill sank on 20 June 2025; a new bill, PL 025/2026, was filed on 21 July 2026
Ecuador
- General AI law
- None
- Where it stands on 10 November 2026
- The Assembly archived its main AI bill on 15 September 2026
Mexico
- General AI law
- None
- Where it stands on 10 November 2026
- Federal AI bill filed on 24 July 2026, as reported by ITSitio
Panama
- General AI law
- Bill PL 588
- Where it stands on 10 November 2026
- Passed third debate on 19 August 2026, 46 votes to 0; the president partially objected to it on 28 September 2026, as reported by Panamá América; we found no record that it has since become law
Peru
- General AI law
- Law 31814 (2023)
- Where it stands on 10 November 2026
- In force; its regulation, Supreme Decree 115-2025-PCM, was published on 9 September 2025
| Market | General AI law | Where it stands on 10 November 2026 |
|---|---|---|
| Argentina | None at national level | Non-binding guidance from 2023 |
| Brazil | Bill PL 2338/2023 | Passed the Senate on 10 December 2024; awaiting the rapporteur's report in the Chamber |
| Chile | Bill | A Senate committee approved it in general on 26 October 2026, as reported by Mala Espina Check |
| Colombia | Bills | Government bill sank on 20 June 2025; a new bill, PL 025/2026, was filed on 21 July 2026 |
| Ecuador | None | The Assembly archived its main AI bill on 15 September 2026 |
| Mexico | None | Federal AI bill filed on 24 July 2026, as reported by ITSitio |
| Panama | Bill PL 588 | Passed third debate on 19 August 2026, 46 votes to 0; the president partially objected to it on 28 September 2026, as reported by Panamá América; we found no record that it has since become law |
| Peru | Law 31814 (2023) | In force; its regulation, Supreme Decree 115-2025-PCM, was published on 9 September 2025 |
Sources: official records where we found them, otherwise the outlets named in the references. Checked 10 November 2026; not legal advice.
06 2027: how agencies can prepare
Forecast: publishers expect their search traffic to fall 43% in three years
News publishers expect their search traffic to fall by 43% over the next three years, and a fifth expect to lose more than 75%. This is a forecast by 280 digital news leaders in 51 countries, not a measurement (Reuters Institute, Trends and Predictions 2026, 12 January 2026).
Eight steps for agencies
The steps are TNS's view of the evidence in chapters 01 to 05, not data and not legal advice.
1. Earn the coverage AI answers draw on. AI answers almost never cite paid content, and in a lab test quotations and statistics made pages more visible in them (chapter 02).
2. Pitch fewer journalists, with more substance. In Muck Rack's mostly North American survey, 88% delete pitches off their beat (chapter 01).
3. Keep a person in charge of every output. 98% of Muck Rack's AI users always or often edit AI text (chapter 01).
4. Write the policy and train everyone, juniors first. Only 51% of PR professionals have an employer AI policy (chapter 01).
5. Keep client data out of public tools. Only 36% of Muck Rack's AI users avoid entering client names (chapter 01).
6. Price the outcome, not the hour. Labour-based pay has fallen to 19% of multinationals (chapter 03).
7. Prepare for a deepfake before one happens. Only 18% of corporate affairs functions say they are prepared (chapter 04).
8. Track the rules by market and by date. The EU's Article 50 has applied since 2 August 2026; Brazil's AI bill is still in the Chamber; Panama's president partially objected to its bill in September 2026; Peru's law is in force (chapters 04 and 05).
Talk to TNS. TNS works with brands and institutions across Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama and Peru: contact TNS.
07 Method and sources
How we built this study
Public sources only. Every figure comes from a published survey, study, company filing, official legal text, platform policy or news report. TNS ran no survey of its own, and no source endorses this study.
Checks. Each figure was traced to a source page, which we cite, and checked again on 12 November 2026. Where we saw a figure only in a news story or a law firm summary, we name that outlet or firm.
Vendors and rules. Muck Rack, Cision, Chartbeat, Meltwater, Productive.io and DeltaV Digital sell PR, media, analytics or marketing tools and services. Rules were read on 10 November 2026; this is not legal advice. All charts are TNS's own.
Questions and answers
Which TNS markets have a general AI law?
Peru, with Law 31814 and its 2025 regulation, is the only one we found. Brazil's bill is still in the Chamber of Deputies, and Panama's president partially objected to its bill in September 2026 (chapter 05). This is not legal advice.
How many PR professionals use generative AI?
76% of PR professionals use generative AI, according to Muck Rack's survey of 564 PR professionals, 5 to 24 December 2025. Muck Rack, which sells PR software, says use "has peaked at 76%" and warns that changed question wording makes year on year comparisons weak. The survey's speed and quality gains are self-reported, and TNS found no study that compares PR results with and without AI.
Do journalists accept AI-generated pitches?
Most do not: 53% of journalists oppose AI-generated pitches in Cision's 2026 State of the Media (1,899 journalists in 19 markets across North America, EMEA and APAC, January and February 2026). Yet 82% use at least one AI tool, in Muck Rack's State of Journalism 2026 (897 responses analysed, 30 January to 2 March 2026, 81% in North America). Both firms sell PR software, and the figures describe different groups.
Do Google AI summaries reduce clicks to websites?
In Pew Research Center's tracking, people clicked less: when Google showed an AI summary, the 900 US adults whose browsing Pew tracked in March 2025 clicked a traditional search result in 8% of visits, against 15% when it did not. Separately, Chartbeat data shows Google search traffic to publishers fell 33% worldwide from November 2024 to November 2025, across 2,576 sites; Chartbeat sells analytics to publishers.
What kind of content do AI answers cite?
Mostly non-paid sources: in Muck Rack's October 2026 study of 207 million citations, nearly 99% of cited links come from non-paid sources, and paid or advertorial content is 0.3%. Journalism alone fell to 22% of citations in September 2026, from 27% in May. Muck Rack is a vendor, and other studies find very different shares, by industry and method.
How can a PR agency prepare for AI in 2027?
TNS's 2026 study sets out eight steps: earn the coverage AI answers draw on; pitch fewer journalists; keep a person in charge of every output; write the policy and train everyone; keep client data out of public tools; price the outcome, not the hour; prepare for a deepfake before one happens; and track the rules by market and by date. They are the study's view, not data or legal advice.
How do big brands pay their agencies now?
Big brands have largely stopped paying agencies by the hour: labour-based agency pay fell from 54% of multinationals in 2011 to 19% today (WFA with Agency Mania Solutions, 69 multinationals, 29 September 2026). Fixed fee or output models rose from 20% to 33%. The survey covers advertising and marketing agencies, not PR only, and 71% of respondents work in procurement.
Do brands have to disclose AI-generated content?
In the EU, for some content, yes: the transparency duties in Article 50 of the EU AI Act apply from 2 August 2026. Deepfakes must be disclosed, and so must AI-generated text published to inform the public on matters of public interest, unless a human has reviewed it and someone holds editorial responsibility for it. TNS read the rules on 10 November 2026; this is not legal advice.
Are companies ready for a deepfake crisis?
Few are: in GlobeScan's survey of nearly 300 senior corporate affairs practitioners (13 May 2026), only 18% say their function is prepared for a deepfake or AI misinformation incident. Respondents in Latin America feel the most prepared, which GlobeScan says may reflect "an optimistic underestimation of the threat ahead." The TNS study's advice: prepare for a deepfake before one happens.
Do people in Brazil use AI chatbots for news?
In Brazil's online sample, 13% use AI chatbots for news each week, above the 10% global average, and 19% of under-25s do (Reuters Institute, Digital News Report 2026). Peru is at 11%, Argentina and Colombia at 9%. The TNS study notes that these are online samples of about 2,000 per market.
Is the TNS study on AI in PR based on a TNS survey?
No. The TNS study, published 12 November 2026, uses public sources only: every figure comes from a published survey, study, company filing, official legal text, platform policy or news report. The agency ran no survey of its own, and no source endorses the study. Each figure was traced to a source page, which the study cites, and checked again on 12 November 2026.
Cite this study. TNS (2026), "How AI Will Change PR and Communications in 2027, and How Agencies Can Prepare: A TNS Study", tnsagency.com, https://tnsagency.com/en/ai-pr-communications-study-2027/.
References
Each source is listed once, under the first chapter (01 to 06) that cites it, or under Chapter 00 if only the opening cites it.
Show all references
Chapter 00
- Reuters Institute (Simon, Nielsen, Fletcher), Generative AI and News Report 2026, 29 October 2026, https:/
/ reutersinstitute. politics. ox. ac. uk/ generative- ai- and- news- report- 2026- standalone- tools- information- infrastructure
Chapter 01
- Muck Rack, State of AI in PR 2026, released 21 January 2026, https:/
/ ; press release, https:/media. muckrack. com/ documents/ State_ of_ AI_ in_ PR_ 2026. pdf / www. globenewswire. com/ news- release/ 2026/ 01/ 21/ 3222759/ 0/ en/ Muck- Rack- Report- Finds- Generative- AI- Adoption- in- PR- Has- Leveled- Off. html - Muck Rack, State of Journalism 2026, 19 March 2026, https:/
/ ; press release, https:/media. muckrack. com/ documents/ State_ of_ Journalism_ 2026_ 1. pdf / www. globenewswire. com/ news- release/ 2026/ 3/ 19/ 3259178/ 0/ en/ Muck- Rack- s- 2026- State- of- Journalism- Report- Finds- 82- of- Journalists- Use- AI. html - Cision, 2026 State of the Media, press release (source of the quoted 53% line), 13 May 2026, https:/
/ ; Cision article, 13 May 2026, https:/www. cision. com/ about/ press- releases/ 2026- press- releases/ pr- emerges- as- the- primary- source- for- journalists- in- high- pressure- newsrooms- 302770936/ / ; Cision chief executive's article, Press Gazette, 27 May 2026, https:/www. cision. com/ resources/ articles/ pr- lessons- state- of- the- media/ / pressgazette. co. uk/ comment- analysis/ how- journalists- are- using- ai- 2026/
Chapter 02
- Reuters Institute (Nic Newman), Journalism, Media and Technology Trends and Predictions 2026, 12 January 2026, https:/
/ reutersinstitute. politics. ox. ac. uk/ journalism- media- and- technology- trends- and- predictions- 2026 - "Google users are less likely to click on links when an AI summary appears in the results." Pew Research Center, Washington, D.C. (22 July 2025) https:/
/ www. pewresearch. org/ short- reads/ 2025/ 07/ 22/ google- users- are- less- likely- to- click- on- links- when- an- ai- summary- appears- in- the- results/ - Google (Liz Reid), 6 August 2025, https:/
/ blog. google/ products/ search/ ai- search- driving- more- queries- higher- quality- clicks/ - Muck Rack, What Is AI Reading? October 2026, updated 28 October 2026, https:/
/ ; May 2026 edition, https:/muckrack. com/ blog/ what- is- ai- reading- october- 2026 / media. muckrack. com/ documents/ What_ Is_ AI_ Reading_ _ May_ 2026. pdf - Pratyush Kumar, arXiv preprint 2606.20065, 18 June 2026, https:/
/ arxiv. org/ abs/ 2606. 20065 - DeltaV Digital 2026 AI search citations study, 13 July 2026, updated 28 September 2026, https:/
/ www. deltavdigital. com/ resources/ reports/ ai- citation- study/ - Aggarwal, Murahari, Rajpurohit, Kalyan, Narasimhan and Deshpande, GEO: Generative Engine Optimization, arXiv 2311.09735, first posted 16 November 2023, KDD 2024, CC BY 4.0, https:/
/ arxiv. org/ abs/ 2311. 09735
Chapter 03
- WFA with Agency Mania Solutions, How Brands Define, Scope and Reward Agency Work, 29 September 2026, https:/
/ wfanet. org/ knowledge/ item/ 2026/ 09/ 29/ global- brands- are- shifting- to- paying- for- outputs- not- time- wfa- research - Productive.io, Agencies in the AI Era 2.0, updated 11 June 2026, https:/
/ productive. io/ reports/ agencies- in- the- ai- era- pulse- report/ - Axios, 2 December 2025, https:/
/ www. axios. com/ 2025/ 12/ 02/ omnicom- ipg- layoffs - Omnicom, fourth quarter 2025 earnings call transcript, 18 February 2026, https:/
/ s201. q4cdn. com/ 282904488/ files/ doc_ financials/ 2025/ q4/ OMC- 4Q25- Earnings- Call- Transcript. pdf
Chapter 04
- Meltwater and YouGov, Trust in the Age of Generative AI, Meltwater press release, 21 April 2026, https:/
/ www. meltwater. com/ en/ press- releases/ consumer- perception- of- generative- ai - GlobeScan, Insight of the Week, 13 May 2026, https:/
/ globescan. com/ 2026/ 05/ 13/ insight- of- the- week- global- business- risk- ai/ - European Commission, Code of Practice on marking and labelling AI-generated content, 10 June 2026, https:/
/ digital- strategy. ec. europa. eu/ en/ news/ commission- publishes- code- practice- marking- and- labelling- ai- generated- content - EU AI Act Service Desk, Article 50, https:/
/ ai- act- service- desk. ec. europa. eu/ en/ ai- act/ article- 50
Chapter 05
- Reuters Institute, Digital News Report 2026 country pages, 16 June 2026, https:/
/ (also /argentina, /colombia and /peru); How Brazilians get their news, 21 October 2026, https:/reutersinstitute. politics. ox. ac. uk/ digital- news- report/ 2026/ brazil / reutersinstitute. politics. ox. ac. uk/ digital- news- report/ 2026/ how- brazilians- get- their- news - UADE Instituto de Ciencias Sociales, Uso de IA en comunicadores, https:/
/ uade. edu. ar/ media/ 3szlohqr/ informe- insod- etkin- ia- y- dircoms. pdf - Tribunal Superior Eleitoral, Resolução nº 23.755, 2 March 2026, https:/
/ www. tse. jus. br/ legislacao/ compilada/ res/ 2026/ resolucao- no- 23- 755- de- 2- de- marco- de- 2026 - Agência Brasil, 2 October 2026, https:/
/ agenciabrasil. ebc. com. br/ geral/ noticia/ 2026- 10/ mesmo- proibidos- deepfakes- tomam- conta- das- redes- antes- da- eleicao - Brazil: Rádio Senado, 10 December 2024, https:/
/ ; Câmara dos Deputados, PL 2338/2023 tracker, https:/www12. senado. leg. br/ radio/ 1/ noticia/ 2024/ 12/ 10/ senado- envia- a- camara- proposta- que- regulamenta- uso- da- ia- no- brasil / www. camara. leg. br/ proposicoesWeb/ fichadetramitacao? idProposicao= 2487262 - Chile: Mala Espina Check, 27 October 2026, https:/
/ www. malaespinacheck. cl/ pais/ 2026/ 10/ 27/ ley- de- ia- avanza- en- el- senado- que- usos- prohibiria- y- como- afectaria- a- colegios- empresas- y- al- estado/ - Colombia: El Espectador, 20 June 2025, https:/
/ ; Cámara de Representantes, PL 025/2026, https:/www. elespectador. com/ ciencia/ se- hundio- el- proyecto- de- ley- con- el- que- el- gobierno- buscaba- regular- la- ia- en- colombia/ / www. camara. gov. co/ wp- content/ uploads/ 2026/ 07/ proyectos- ley/ documentos/ proyecto- 36127/ P. L. 025- 2026SC- INTELIGENCIA- ARTIFICIAL. pdf - Ecuador: Asamblea Nacional, 15 September 2026, https:/
/ www. asambleanacional. gob. ec/ es/ noticia/ 119354- pleno- archiva- proyecto- de- ley- de- inteligencia - Mexico: ITSitio, 3 August 2026, https:/
/ www. itsitio. com/ mx/ inteligencia- artificial/ regulacion- de- ia- en- mexico- todavia- no- hay- una- ley- general- pero- las- reglas- ya- avanzan- por- sectores/ - Argentina: Nimbo Tools, https:/
/ www. nimbotools. com/ notes/ ia- regulacion- argentina/ - Panama: Asamblea Nacional, Acta del Pleno, 19 August 2026, https:/
/ s3- legispan. asamblea. gob. pa/ legispan/ ACTAS/ 2020/ 2026/ PLENO/ 2026_ 8_ 19_ A_ PLENO. pdf - Panama: Panamá América, 4 October 2026, https:/
/ www. panamaamerica. com. pa/ sociedad/ presidente- mulino- objeta- ocho- proyectos- de- ley- en- solo- dos- dias- 1267051 - Peru: Decreto Supremo 115-2025-PCM, https:/
/ ; El Peruano, 9 September 2025, https:/www. congreso. gob. pe/ Docs/ DGP/ DIDP/ files/ ds_ 115- 2025- pcm. pdf / www. elperuano. pe/ noticia/ 278516- la- ia- ya- tiene- reglas- claras- en- peru- revisa- el- nuevo- reglamento- y- preparate- para- aplicarlo